High Impact
Fed8 times per year

FOMC Meetings

Federal Reserve interest rate decisions that move all markets simultaneously.

Quick Answer

The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meets 8 times per year to set US monetary policy. Their decisions on interest rates affect everything from mortgages to stock prices. The post-meeting statement and press conference can cause massive volatility.

On This Page

Overview

The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meets 8 times per year to set US monetary policy. Their decisions on interest rates affect everything from mortgages to stock prices. The post-meeting statement and press conference can cause massive volatility.

What It Is

Federal Reserve building
The Federal Reserve controls US monetary policy

The FOMC is the Fed's monetary policy committee. They control the federal funds rate—the interest rate banks charge each other overnight. This rate influences all other rates in the economy and has massive ripple effects across every asset class.

Why It Matters

Interest rates are the price of money. When rates rise, borrowing costs increase, corporate profits fall, and stocks typically decline. When rates fall, the opposite happens.

Note

The Fed also signals future policy, which can move markets even more than the actual decision.

How to Trade FOMC

Warning

The initial reaction to the 2 PM statement is often wrong. The real move comes during Powell's press conference starting at 2:30 PM.

Watch for changes in language ('hawkish' = higher rates, 'dovish' = lower rates) and any surprises in the dot plot projections.

Timing & Schedule

Typical Time

2:00 PM ET (statement), 2:30 PM ET (press conference)

Schedule Notes

Meetings are scheduled months in advance. The January, March, June, September, and December meetings include updated economic projections (dot plot).

Typical Schedule

J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D

8 times per year

Key Metrics to Watch

1
Interest Rate Decision
2
Dot Plot (rate projections)
3
Statement Language Changes
4
Powell's Press Conference Tone
5
Inflation Outlook

Trading Strategies

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Trading the 2 PM statement

Why It Happens

How to Avoid

Be aware and plan accordingly

Fighting the Fed

Why It Happens

How to Avoid

Be aware and plan accordingly

Overleveraging for the event

Why It Happens

How to Avoid

Be aware and plan accordingly

Historical Examples

Jun 15, 2022

Fed surprised with 0.75% hike instead of expected 0.50% to fight inflation.

Fed surprised with 0.75% hike instead of expected 0.50% to fight inflation.

Market Reaction:

Mar 22, 2023

Fed hiked rates despite banking crisis, but signaled pause ahead.

Fed hiked rates despite banking crisis, but signaled pause ahead.

Market Reaction:

Preparation Checklist

  • Know what the market expects (Fed Funds futures show probability)
  • Check if this meeting includes dot plot projections
  • Clear your calendar from 2-4 PM ET
  • Have both long and short scenarios mapped out
  • Don't chase—there will be better entries later