High Impact
EarningsEvery 3 months

Earnings Reports

Quarterly company financial results that can move individual stocks 10%+ in minutes.

Quick Answer

Earnings reports are quarterly financial statements that publicly traded companies must release. They reveal revenue, profit (EPS), expenses, and future guidance. These reports are the most important events for individual stocks and can cause dramatic price swings.

On This Page

Overview

Earnings reports are quarterly financial statements that publicly traded companies must release. They reveal revenue, profit (EPS), expenses, and future guidance. These reports are the most important events for individual stocks and can cause dramatic price swings.

What It Is

Company financial report
Earnings reports reveal a company's financial health

An earnings report is a company's quarterly financial scorecard. It shows how much money the company made (revenue), how much profit it kept (earnings), and what management expects going forward (guidance). Public companies must release these reports within 45 days of each quarter's end.

Why It Matters

Earnings drive stock prices long-term. If a company consistently beats expectations, its stock typically rises. If it misses, the stock often falls.

Warning

The reaction isn't always logical—sometimes a company beats estimates but the stock drops because guidance was weak, or vice versa.

How to Read Earnings

Focus on three things: (1) Did EPS beat or miss the consensus estimate? (2) Did revenue beat or miss? (3) Did the company raise, lower, or maintain guidance?

Pro Tip

The guidance often matters more than the actual numbers because it reflects management's view of the future.

Timing & Schedule

Typical Time

Before market (pre-market) or after market close

Schedule Notes

Earnings seasons occur in January, April, July, and October, lasting 4-6 weeks each. Major companies typically report in the first 2-3 weeks.

Typical Schedule

J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D

Every 3 months

Key Metrics to Watch

1
EPS (Earnings Per Share) vs Estimate
2
Revenue vs Estimate
3
Forward Guidance
4
Profit Margins
5
Year-over-Year Growth

Trading Strategies

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Holding full position through earnings

Why It Happens

How to Avoid

Be aware and plan accordingly

Trading immediately after the release

Why It Happens

How to Avoid

Be aware and plan accordingly

Ignoring guidance

Why It Happens

How to Avoid

Be aware and plan accordingly

Historical Examples

Jan 25, 2024

Tesla missed earnings and gave weak guidance citing EV demand concerns.

Tesla missed earnings and gave weak guidance citing EV demand concerns.

Market Reaction:

Jul 27, 2023

Meta crushed estimates with strong ad revenue and cost cuts.

Meta crushed estimates with strong ad revenue and cost cuts.

Market Reaction:

Preparation Checklist

  • Check the earnings date and time (before or after market)
  • Know the consensus estimates for EPS and revenue
  • Review the stock's history of post-earnings moves
  • Decide your position size BEFORE the report
  • Have a plan for both scenarios (beat and miss)